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- <text id=93TT0827>
- <title>
- Sep. 20, 1993: Adding Up The Under-Skilled
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Sep. 20, 1993 Clinton's Health Plan
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- EDUCATION, Page 75
- Adding Up The Under-Skilled
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A survey finds nearly half of U.S. adults lack the literacy
- to cope with modern life
- </p>
- <p>By PAUL GRAY--With reporting by Janice C. Simpson/New York
- </p>
- <p> For years U.S. employers have been grousing that more and more
- aspiring workers lack the know-how to get the most basic jobs
- done. Last week such complaints received alarming confirmation.
- Adult Literacy in America, a 150-page survey conducted by the
- Princeton-based Educational Testing Service and released by
- the Department of Education, reported that roughly 90 million
- Americans over age 16--almost half that category's total population--are,
- as far as most workplaces are concerned, basically unfit for employment.
- </p>
- <p> Who is included in that definition? Those who can sign a credit-card
- receipt but are incapable of writing a letter when they think
- their bill is wrong; those who can pay the correct change at
- the supermarket but have difficulty calculating the difference
- between regular and sale prices; those who can scan a newspaper
- story but cannot paraphrase its contents.
- </p>
- <p> ETS based its findings on the performance of 26,000 people chosen
- to represent a cross section of adults. Over a period of four
- years, all subjects were interviewed and given between 35 and
- 40 tests, drawn from a bank of 185 prepared for the survey.
- The tasks simulated real-life situations, calling upon basic
- reading and math competence and the ability to interpret charts,
- graphs and timetables, and were assigned degrees of difficulty
- on a scale of 0 to 500. Thus totaling the sums on a bank-deposit
- slip rated a 191; calculating the costs, including handling
- and shipping, of a catalog order garnered a 382.
- </p>
- <p> After tabulating the test scores, ETS designated five different
- grades and projected that 42 million American adults fall within
- the lowest category; 52 million fill the next rank, which is
- still below the level required to perform a moderately demanding
- job. Perhaps the worst news from the survey was the hubris expressed
- by those who were tested: when asked if they read well or very
- well, 71% of those in the bottom grade said yes.
- </p>
- <p> If the ETS survey is accurate, the U.S. is not only significantly
- populated by people unprepared for current and advancing technologies,
- but most of them do not know that they do not know.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-